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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Chapter I. THE SITE AND ACCIDENT SEQUENCE
  • The site
  • The RBMK-1000 reactor
  • Events leading to the accident
  • The accident
  • The graphite fire

Chapter II. THE RELEASE, DISPERSION AND DEPOSITION OF RADIONUCLIDES

  • The source term
  • Atmospheric releases
  • Chemical and physical forms
  • Dispersion and deposition
  • Within the former Soviet Union
  • Outside the former Soviet Union

Chapter III. REACTIONS OF NATIONAL AUTHORITIES

  • Within the former Soviet Union
  • Outside the former Soviet Union

Chapter IV. DOSE ESTIMATES

  • The liquidators
  • The evacuees from the 30-km zone
  • Doses to the thyroid gland
  • Whole-body doses
  • People living in the contaminated areas
  • Doses to the thyroid gland
  • Whole-body doses
  • Populations outside the former Soviet Union

Chapter V. HEALTH IMPACT

  • Acute health effects
  • Late health effects
  • Thyroid cancer
  • Other late health effects
  • Other studies
  • Psychological effects
  • Within the former Soviet Union
  • Outside the former Soviet Union

Chapter VI. AGRICULTURAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

  • Agricultural impact
  • Within the former Soviet Union
  • Within Europe
  • Environmental impact
  • Forests
  • Water bodies

Chapter VII. POTENTIAL RESIDUAL RISKS

  • The Sarcophagus
  • Radioactive waste storage sites

Chapter VIII. LESSONS LEARNED

  • Operational aspects
  • Scientific and technical aspects

EXPLANATION OF TERMS
LIST OF ACRONYMS

LIST OF ACRONYMS

AUDR Soviet All-Union Dose Registry

CRPPH NEA Committee on Radiation Protection and Public Health

DNA Desoxyribonucleic acid

EC European Commission

ECCS Emergency Core Cooling System

FAO Food and Agriculture Organisation

GSF Forschungszentrum für Umwelt und Gesundheit

IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency

IARC International Agency for Research on Cancer

ICRP International Commission on Radiological Protection

INES International Nuclear Event Scale

INEX NEA Nuclear Emergency Exercises Programme

INSAG International Nuclear Safety Advisory Group

IPHECA International Programme on the Health Effects of the Chernobyl Accident

IPSN Institut de Protection et de Sécurité Nucléaire

JAERI Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute

NAZ Nationale Alarmzentrale

NCRP Soviet National Committee on Radiation Protection

NEA OECD Nuclear Energy Agency

OECD Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development

RNMDR Russian National Medical Dosimetry Registry

SKI Swedish Nuclear Power Inspectorate

UNSCEAR United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects

of Atomic Radiation

WHO World Health Organisation

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